Depressive Disorders

Depressive Disorders are a group of mental disorders that cause a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest. These disorders can interfere with a person's ability to work, study, eat, sleep, and enjoy activities that were once pleasurable. General symptoms of depressive disorders typically include feeling tired or having low energy, sleeping too little or too much, reduced or increased appetite, and thoughts of death or suicide.

Depressive Disorders Include:

- Major Depressive Disorder (MDD): Individuals living with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) experience symptoms most days, for at least two weeks. The symptoms must be severe enough to interfere with work, school, or other activities. Symptoms include feeling depressed most of the day, feeling hopeless or worthless, having low energy, and experiencing changes in sleep or appetite.

- Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD): PDD, also known as Dysthymia, is a form of depression that lasts for at least two years. Individuals living with PDD experience symptoms similar to MDD, but they are usually less severe.

- Bipolar Disorder: Bipolar Disorder is characterized by periods of elevated mood, called mania, alternated with periods of depression. During a manic episode, an individual may feel excessively happy or irritable, have difficulty sleeping, and engage in risky behaviors. During an episode of bipolar depression, an individual may feel sad or hopeless, displaying many of the typical signs of depression.

- Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD): SAD, often referred to as seasonal depression, is a type of depression that occurs at the same time each year, typically in the fall or winter. Symptoms include feeling depressed most of the day, having low energy, difficulty sleeping, and craving carbohydrates.

- Atypical Depression: Atypical Depression is a form of depression that is characterized by a brightened mood in response to positive events. Other symptoms include increased appetite and weight gain, oversleeping, and sensitivity to rejection.

- Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD): PMDD is a form of depression that occurs in the days leading up to a woman's menstrual period. Symptoms include feeling depressed or anxious, having mood swings, irritability, and difficulty concentrating.

- Postpartum Depression (PPD): PPD is a form of depression that can occur after childbirth. It is characterized by feelings of sadness, hopelessness, anxiety, and fatigue.

- Psychotic Depression: Psychotic Depression is a form of depression that is characterized by psychotic symptoms, such as delusions or hallucinations. These symptoms can make it difficult to distinguish between reality and fantasy.

Treatment for depressive disorders typically includes medication and/or psychotherapy. Antidepressant medications (such as SSRIs, SNRIs, MAOIs, and tricyclics) are the most common type of medication used to treat depression. They work by increasing levels of chemicals in the brain that help regulate mood. Psychotherapy involves talking with a therapist to identify and change negative thinking and behavior patterns. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a type of psychotherapy that has been shown to be particularly effective in treating depression.

If you or a loved one are experiencing symptoms of a Depressive Disorder, it is important to seek professional help. Nickischer & Associates can make a diagnosis and develop a treatment plan that is right for you. Contact us today to get started.